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Generate RSA keys with SSH by using PuTTYgen

One effective way of securing SSH access to your cloud server is to usea public-private key pair. This means that a public key is placed onthe server and a private key is placed on your local workstation.Using a key pair makes it impossible for someone to log in by using justa password, as long as you set up SSH to deny password-basedauthentication.

This article provides steps for generating RSA keys by using PuTTYgen onWindows for secure SSH authentication with OpenSSH. Openssl generate key without password.

Generate keys

In Windows, use PuTTYgen to generate your public and private keys.

Before generating a key pair using PuTTYgen, you need to select which type of key you need. The current version of the SSH protocol, SSH-2, supports several different key types. PuTTYgen can generate: An RSA key for use with the SSH-2 protocol. A DSA key for use with the SSH-2 protocol. An ECDSA (elliptic curve DSA) key for use with the SSH-2. How to Generate SSH Keys on PuTTY. SSH keys are one of the most secure SSH authentication options. It is definitely more secure than the usual SSH password authentication. Therefore, it is highly recommended to use SSH Key authentication method for connections to your servers. Generating an SSH Key Pair on Windows Using the PuTTY Key Generator Find puttygen.exe in the PuTTY folder on your computer and double-click it. Accept the default key type, SSH-2 RSA, and set the Number of bits in a generated key to 2048, if it is not already set.

  1. If needed, download PuTTYgen from the PuTTY download page.(PuTTYgen might have been installed previously with PuTTY or WinSCP.)
  2. Launch the program, and then click the Generate button.The program generates the keys for you.
  3. Enter a unique key passphrase in the Key passphrase andConfirm passphrase fields.For additional information about using passphrases,see Log in with a SSH Private Key on Windows.
  4. Save the public and private keys by clicking the Save public keyand Save private key buttons.
  5. From the Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys filefield at the top of the window, copy all the text (starting with ssh-rsa)to your clipboard by pressing Ctrl-C.You need this key available on your clipboard to paste eitherinto the public key tool in the Control Panel or directly into theauthorized keys on your cloud server.

To create a new key pair, select the type of key to generate from the bottom of the screen (using SSH-2 RSA with 2048 bit key size is good for most people; another good well-known alternative is ECDSA). Then click Generate, and start moving the mouse within the Window. Putty uses mouse movements to collect randomness. To generate a key with PuTTY, you should: Download and start the puttygen.exe generator. In the 'Parameters' section choose SSH2 DSA and press Generate. Move your mouse randomly in the small screen in order to generate the key pairs. Enter a key comment, which will identify the key (useful when you use several SSH keys).

Use the key pair

You can use the RSA key pair in the following ways.

Specify your SSH key when creating a new cloud server

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When you create a cloud server, you can assign a public key from the list of keys.If your key is not already in the list, you may add it, and then assign it.

Add a new public key to the list

  1. Under Advanced Options on the Create Server page, click Manage SSHKeys.
  2. Select public key for the cloud server from the SSH Keys listand click Add Public Key.
  3. Enter the key name, select the region, and paste the entire publickey into the Public Key field. Then click Add Public Key.
  4. Go back to the Create Server page, and confirm that your key is listedin the SSH Key list.

Assign a public key

  1. Under Advanced Options on the Create Server page, select the publickey you want to use from the SSH key drop-down menu.
  2. When you are done specifying the all the other details for the server,click Create Server.

Assign your SSH Key to an existing cloud server

To make use of your newly generated RSA key pair, you must tell PuTTY touse it when connecting to your cloud server.

  1. To edit the file (or create it), run the following command on the cloud server:

  2. Paste the text onto its own line in the file.

    You must have the key available in your clipboard to paste it. The key and itsassociated text (the ssh-rsa identified at the start and the comment at the end)must be on one line in the file. If the text is word-wrapped onto multiple linesan error might occur when connecting.

  3. If you created the authorized_keys file, change its permissionsafter you’re done editing it by running the following command:

  4. Open PuTTY, and go to the SSH > Auth section.

  5. Browse to the location of the key file, and load the private key.

  6. Go to the Session page, and save the session. This saves the configurationso that PuTTY uses the key every time that you connect to your cloudserver.

After you save your session, your key is loaded automatically when youconnect to your server.

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You can generate an SSH key on Windows using the PuTTY SSH client. You can download PuTTY for free from this URL.

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To generate a key with PuTTY, you should:

  • Download and start the puttygen.exe generator.
  • In the 'Parameters' section choose SSH2 DSA and press Generate.
  • Move your mouse randomly in the small screen in order to generate the key pairs.
  • Enter a key comment, which will identify the key (useful when you use several SSH keys).
  • Type in the passphrase and confirm it. The passphrase is used to protect your key. You will be asked for it when you connect via SSH.
  • Click 'Save private key' to save your private key.
  • Click 'Save public key' to save your public key.

For more information on how to load the key and connect via SSH using PuTTY, please check this tutorial.

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